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The 'check' phase in the Plan-Do-Check-Action (PDCA) model focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the actions that have been implemented during the 'do' phase. This phase involves analyzing data and assessing whether the changes made are yielding the desired results or improvements.

By observing the effects of the actions taken, organizations can determine the success of their strategies and processes, allowing them to understand how well they are aligning with the planned objectives. This critical feedback loop helps businesses identify areas where further adjustments may be needed to enhance performance or address any issues that have arisen.

In this context, other choices do not align with the primary goal of the 'check' phase. Immediate implementation of changes, documentation of procedures, or providing training sessions are not direct activities that characterize this pivotal evaluative step. Instead, they may be relevant to other phases but do not capture the essence of observing and assessing outcomes, which is the core function of the 'check' phase.